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spraakoefeningen
In deze tijd waarin ‘het onderwijs’ vooral afgerekend wordt op ‘leeropbrengst’, gaat het ook bij het aanleren van een niet-Nederlandse taal in de eerste plaats om: kennis.
=Ik spreek niet van ‘vreemde’ taal, omdat een taal niet ‘vreemd’ kan zijn: het is de moedertaal van velen en van wie het niet de moedertaal is, is het een taal die anders klinkt, vandaar mijn voorkeur voor ‘niet-Nederlands’=
Kennis is bij het niet-Nederlands vooral: grammatica en idioom, de woordjes, zeg maar.
Dat Rudolf Steiner in het leerplan van de 1e vrijeschool niet-Duitse talen opnam vanaf klas 1, was voor die tijd volstrekt nieuw. En dat is het heel lang gebleven. Op zeker ogenblik werd er in de reguliere basisscholen in Nederland wél Engels gegeven, maar pas vanaf klas 6. Ook daarin is hier en daar wat veranderd.
Ook een volstrekt nieuw gezichtspunt bij Steiner was, dat hij vooral wilde bereiken dat de kinderen de ‘ziel van de andere taal’ zouden ervaren, m.a.w. dat hun gevoel zou worden aangesproken.
Dit gezichtspunt heeft het geven van niet-Nederlandse talen in het Nederlandse onderwijs niet gehaald: wanneer er onderzoek wordt gedaan, gaat het altijd om de opbrengst aan kennis.
Om het intellect dus.
In de drie laagste klassen van de vrijeschool gaat het voornamelijk om het ‘leren’ vanuit het doen, vanuit het beleven, vanuit het plezier.
Iedere taalles zouden de kinderen ondergedompeld moeten worden in een taalbad van de betreffende taal.
Dat stelt aan de leerkracht een hoge eis: die zou de taal perfect moeten kunnen spreken wat de uitspraak betreft.
Het gevoel van de taal, het wezenlijke dus, ligt in de klanken.
Dat betekent dat er veel gesproken (en geluisterd) zou moeten worden.
En daarvoor moet gezocht worden in de rijmpjes, versjes, gedichtjes en spraakoefeningen.
Al begint in klas 4 ook het leren van de grammatica, het spreken, reciteren, zou – tot in de hoogste klassen van de bovenbouw – steeds een belangrijke plaats moeten blijven innemen.
Hier volgt voor allerlei klassen prachtig bruikbaar materiaal.
Ik heb er met een cijfer bijgezet voor welke klas, maar heel scherp is die grens niet te trekken. Bepaal zelf wat voor jouw klas iets is.
YAWNING PAUL 1
To see Paul yawning
Is a sight.
He yawns and yawns
With all his might.
He yawns all night
And day and all.
That’s why we call him
Yawning Paul.
PECKHAM RYE 3
“ Who’ll buy our Rye ?
Who’ll buy ? who’ll buy ? ”—
The pretty girls of Peckham cry.
“ The ears are full as they can hold
And heavy as a purse of gold.
Sweeter corn you will not find
For the London mills to grind—
Come buy, come buy
Our Peckham Rye ! ”
COUNTRY PROVERB 6
He that would thrive
Must rise at five.
He that hath thriven
May lie till seven.
And he that by the plough would thrive
Himself must either hold or drive.
AS I WALKED BY MYSELF 7
As I walked by myself,
And talked to myself,
Myself said unto me,
“ Look to thyself,
Take care of thyself,
For nobody cares for thee.”
I answered myself,
And said to myself,
In the self-same repartee,
“ Look to thyself,
Or not look to thyself,
The self-same thing will be.”
YOU CAN TAKE A TUB 8
You can take a tub with a rub and a scrub
In a two-foot tank of tin,
Or stand and look at the whirling brook
And think about jumping in ;
You can chatter and shake by the cold, black lake—
But the kind of bath for me
Is to take a dip from the side of a ship
In the trough of the rolling sea.
You may lie and dream in the bed of a stream
When an August day is dawning.
Or believe it’s nice to break the ice
On your tub of a winter’s morning;
You may sit and shiver beside the river—
But the kind of bath for me
Is to take a dip from the side of a ship
In the trough of the rolling sea.
CLOCKS AND WATCHES 1
Our great
Steeple clock
Goes TICK— TOCK,
TICK— TOCK;
Our small
Mantel clock
Goes TICK-TACK, TICK-TACK,
TICK-TACK, TICK-TACK;
Our little
Pocket watch
Goes Tick-a-tacker, tick-a-tacker,
Tick-a-tacker, tick.
GAFFER GILPIN 3
Gaffer Gilpin got a goose and gander.
Did Gaffer Gilpin get a goose and gander?
If Gaffer Gilpin got a goose and gander,
Where are the goose and gander
hat Gaffer Gilpin got ?
THE BAND IN THE PARK 2
Hark, hark, hark!
Hark, hark, hark!
Listen to the band in the park !
With its “hum hum hum,”
And its “ rumpty tumpty tum,”
The cymbals going “ clang ”
And the drums going “ bang,”
As they play, play, play, play, play, play, play,”
As they play, play, play,
in the middle of the day,
As they play, play, play
in the park.
Hark, hark, hark!
Hark, hark, hark!
Listen to the band in the park !
With its “ one, two, three,”
And its “ come along with me ! ”
Oh, its really rather grand
To listen to the band
As they play, play, play, play, play, play, play,
As they play, play, play,
n the middle of the day,
As they play, play, play
in the park.
THE WIND 4
When the wind is in the East,
It’s neither good for man nor beast;
When the wind is in the North,
The skilful fisher goes not forth;
When the wind is in the South,
It blows the bait in the fishes’ mouth;
When the wind is in the West,
Then it’s at the very best.
THE LAZY LIZARD 2
I’m a lazy old lizard
Who lives at the Zoo,
And catches the flies,
And swallows them too.
ROBIN THE BOBBIN 3
Robin the Bobbin, whose surname was Ben,
Ate more meat than fourscore men.
He ate a cow, he ate a calf,
He ate a butcher and a half,
He ate a church, he ate the steeple,
He ate the priest and all the people.
Robin the Bobbin, whose surname was Ben,
Ate them all up, and then started again!
CHRISTMAS PUDDING* 3
Take milk, eggs, and raisins.
Take milk, eggs, and raisins;
suet and sugar and flour.
Take milk, eggs, and raisins;
suet and sugar and flour;
candied-peel and breadcrumbs.
Take milk, eggs, and raisins;
suet and sugar and flour;
candied-peel and breadcrumbs—
and boil for eight hours.
THE SHOP BELL 2
The bell-spring swings
And the small bell rings
With a tingaling, tingaling,
Tingalinga ling.
“ Here’s someone who is willing
To spend a silver shilling,
So come along,
Dingadong!
Tingalinga ling! ”
WHAT’S THE WEATHER? 4
Whether the weather be fine,
Or whether the weather be not,
Whether the weather be cold,
Or whether the weather be hot—
We’ll weather the weather,
Whatever the weather,
Whether we like it or not.
THE SEVEN YOUNG PARROTS 6
The seven young parrots had not gone far, when they saw a tree with a single cherry on it, which the oldest parrot picked instantly. But the other six, being extremely hungry, tried to get it also—on which all the seven began to fight.
And they scuffled
and huflled
and ruffled
and shuffled
and puffled
and muffled
and buffled
and duffled
and fluffled
and guffled
and bruffled
and screamed and shrieked and squealed and squeaked, and clawed and snapped and bit, and bumped and thumped, and dumped and flumped each other—till they were all torn into little bits. And at last there was nothing left to record this painful incident, except the cherry and seven small green feathers.
And that was the vicious and voluble end of the seven young parrots.
BUTTERFLIES 2
All day long in the garden
Are butterflies flitting by,
White, pale yellow, and orange bright,
And some like the blue of the sky.
CLUNTON AND CLUNBURY 4
Clunton and Glunbury,
Clungunford and Glun,
Are the quietest places
Under the sun.
THE ROUNDABOUT 5
Round and round the roundabout,
Down the “ slippery stair ”—
I’m always to be found about
When circus men are there.
The music of the roundabout,
The voices in the air,
The horses as they pound about,
The boys who shout and stare—
There’s such a lovely sound about
A circus or a fair.
THE DREAM OF A GIRL AT SEVENOAKS 5
Seven sweet singing birds up in a tree;
Seven swift sailing-ships white upon the sea;
Seven bright weather-cocks shining in the sun;
Seven slim race-horses ready for the run;
Seven gold butterflies flitting overhead;
Seven red roses in a garden bed;
Seven white lilies with honey-bees inside them;
And seven round rainbows with clouds to divide them. . . .
Seven nights running I dreamed it all plain—
With bread and jam for supper I could dream it all again.
WINDY NIGHTS 3
Rumbling in the chimneys,
Rattling at the doors,
Round the roofs and round the roads
The rude wind roars ;
Raging through the darkness,
Raving through the trees,
Racing off again across
The great grey seas.
PIMLICO 3
Pimlico, pamlico, pumpkins and peas!
Pepper them properly, else you will sneeze.
Pop in a pipkin and leave them till one,
Pimlico, pamlico, then they’ll be done!
A CATCH RHYME 5
Round and round the rugged rock
The ragged rascal ran.
Say how many R’s in that
And you’re a clever man.
A BUNCH OF TONGUE-TWISTERS 5
My grandmother sent me a new-fashioned
three-cornered cambric country-cut handkerchief.
Not an old-fashioned three-cornered cambric
country-cut handkerchief, but a new-fashioned
three-cornered country-cut handkerchief.
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper; 4
A peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picked.
If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper,
Where’s the peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picked ?
Swan swam over the sea- 2
Swim, swan, swim !
Swan swam back again—
Well swum, swan !
TWO FELLOWS 4
Once a fellow met a fellow
In a field of beans.
Said a fellow to a fellow,
“ If a fellow asks a fellow,
Can a fellow tell a fellow
What a fellow means ? ”
BETTY S BUTTER
Betty bought a bit of butter, 5
Said : “ My bit of butter’s bitter.
If I put it in my batter, —
It will make my batter bitter.
Better buy some fresher butter.”
Betty’s mother said she’d let her,
So she bought some better butter,
And it made her batter better.
THE FLY AND THE FLEA
A fly and a flea in a flue 4
Were wondering what they should do.
Said the fly, “ Let us flee ! ”
Said the flea “ Let us fly ! ”
So they flew through a flaw in the flue!
QUESTIONS 6
Which and where and why and when
Are words I keep saying again and again.
Over and over without any hitch—
When and where and why and which.
Whatever the answer, I always declare
Which and why and when and where.
Whatever the answer, I always reply,
Where ? and when ? and which ? and why ?
MARCHING 1
Left, right, left, right,
Hear the tramping feet;
A regiment has come to town,
Marching down the street.
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